Morphin

Zusammenfassung

Das prototypische Opioid, ein starkes Analgetikum mit euphorischen Eigenschaften, das in den Samen und dem Wachs der Pflanze Papaver somniferum (Schlafmohn) vorkommt. Erstmals 1805 von Friedrich Sertürner isoliert und nach seinen schlaffördernden Eigenschaften benannt. Nicht mit anderen Depressiva kombinieren, da dies in Überdosierung zu gefährlicher Atemdepression führen kann.

Dosierung

Oral

Wirkungsverlauf

• Nachwirkungen: 1-12 Stunden

Wirkungen

• Euphorie
• Mundtrockenheit
• Stimmungsaufhellung
• Juckreiz
• Entspannungsmittel
• Verstopfung
• Pupillenverengung
• Analgesie

Subjektive Wirkungen (PsychonautWiki)

• Anxiety suppression
• Cognitive euphoria
• Compulsive redosing
• Constipation
• Cough suppression
• Difficulty urinating
• Internal hallucinations
• Itchiness
• Nausea
• Pain relief
• Physical euphoria
• Pupil constriction
• Respiratory depression
• Sedation

Quellen

• Codeine analgesia is due to codeine-6-glucuronide, not morphine. - https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11092114
• Dextromethorphan potentiates the antinociceptive effects of morphine and the delta-opioid agonist SNC80 in squirrel monkeys. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11805202
• Magnesium increases morphine analgesic effect in different experimental models of pain. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11873038
• Identification of CYP3A4 and CYP2C8 as the major cytochrome P450 s responsible for morphine N-demethylation in human liver microsomes. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12936704
• 4-Caffeoyl-1,5-quinide in roasted coffee inhibits [3H]naloxone binding and reverses anti-nociceptive effects of morphine in mice. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15088081
• Evaluation the effects of dextromethorphan and midazolam on morphine induced tolerance and dependence in mice. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18819620
• Enhancement by grapefruit juice of morphine antinociception. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19043223
• Low-Dose Cannabinoid Type 2 Receptor Agonist Attenuates Tolerance to Repeated Morphine Administration via Regulating μ-Opioid Receptor Expression i... - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26720619
• Influence of a high-fat meal on the absorption of morphine from oral solutions. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2791448
• Discriminative stimulus effects of reversible and irreversible opiate agonists: morphine, oxymorphazone and buprenorphine. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6206224
• Endogenous codeine and morphine in poor and extensive metabolisers of the CYP2D6 (debrisoquine/sparteine) polymorphism. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8113966
• The effect of food intake on the pharmacokinetics of sustained-release morphine sulfate capsules. - http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9152568